1. Nationalism, immigration and minorities
Europe’s religious landscape is changing: The Christian share of the population is declining while the religiously unaffiliated population is increasing. In addition, Muslim populations in Western European countries continue to grow in both absolute an…
Appendix B: Methodology
Pew Research Center conducted surveys among 24,599 adults (ages 18 and older) across 15 countries in Western Europe. Interviewing was carried out under the direction of GfK Belgium by telephone (both cellphones and landlines) from April to August 2017….
2. Religious identity
Most people in Western Europe identify as Christians. But across the region, fewer people say they are currently Christian than say they were baptized or raised as Christians. In every country, net losses for Christians are accompanied by net gains for…
Acknowledgements
This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals. Find related reports online at pewresearch.org/religion. Research Team Alan Cooperman, Director of Religion Research Gregory A. Smith, Associate Directo…
1. Beliefs about the nature of God
Virtually all U.S. Christians say they believe in God or a higher power of some kind. Among evangelical Protestants, 91% put their faith in God “as described in the Bible,” as do 92% of those in the historically black Protestant tradition. Most Catholi…
2. Beliefs about God’s involvement in the world
About three-quarters of Americans say they try to talk to God or another higher power. And 28% indicate that their attempts at communication are answered, saying God or the spiritual force in the universe talks directly with them. Communicating with Go…
Featured
